Created by Mark S. Fox (msf@eil.utoronto.ca).
**Archived import of iso21972.owl on 13-Jan-2021** Draft version of the ISO 21972 Ontology. Includes a subset of the GCI Foundation ontology by: Fox, M.S. (2015) “The Role of Ontologies in Publishing and Analyzing City Indicators”, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Vol. 54, pp. 266-279. Includes a subset of the OM ontology by: Rijgersberg, H., Wigham, M., and Top, J.L., (2011), “How Semantics can Improve Engineering Processes: A Case of Units of Measure and Quantities”, Advanced Engineering Informatics, Vol. 25, pp. 276-287. and the GovStat ontology by: Pattuelli, M.C., (2003), “The GovStat Ontology: Technical Report”. The GovStat Project, Integration Design Laboratory, School of Information and Library Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, http://ils.unc.edu/govstat/papers/govstatontology.doc.
ISO21972 Information technology — Upper level ontology for smart city indicators
0.1 8 November 2019
base
has base
base quantity
has base quantity
base unit
has base unit
denominator
has denominatot
derived quantity
has derived quantity
measurement scale
has measurement scale
numerator
has numerator
phenomenon
has phenomenon
prefix
has prefix
singular unit
has singular unit
term 1
has term 1
term 2
has term 2
For quantity classes this property indicates a commonly-used unit.
unit of measure
has unit of measure
value
exponent
has exponent
factor
has factor
numerical value
has numerical value
rank
has rank
cardinal scale
Cardinality of the Population. Note that there is no property that links Cardinality to a Variable.
compound unit
Difference between term_1 and term_2 (term_1 - term_2)
Distinct_count class that is a Parameter that represents the number of distinct values of a property of the members of a Population
fixed point
fixed zero point
An indicator is a quantity that is a ratio of a numerator and denominator that are also quantities. It has a city and time period associated with it. The numerator and denominator quantities can have different units of measure. One example of a unit of measure is the size of a population. A population_cardinality_unit is defined to be an individual of a Cardinality_unit that is a subclass of a Singular_unit.
interval scale
Mean represents the mean value of a property all members of the Population have and is specified by the parameter_of_var property.
A measure combines a number to a unit of measure or an interval or ratio scale. For example, "3 m" is a measure.
measure
Measurement scales are concepts used for the expression of quantities. Four types of measurement scales are: nominal scales, ordinal scales, interval scales and ratio scales. The latter two scales are also called cardinal scales. An example of a scale is the Celsius scale, a temperature scale.
scale
nominal scale
Observation
ordinal scale
Parameter is the Class of all measures that can be made of a Population, both statistical, e.g., Mean, Starndard_devation, and others, e.g., Cardinality, Sum.
A phenomenon is the qualitative object (e.g., food, star, molecule) that has quantifiable (standardized) aspects (e.g, length, mass, time).
A point is an element of an interval scale or a ratio scale, for example, 273.16 on the Kelvin scale indicates the triple point of water thermodynamic temperature.
point
The core class is the Population to be measured. A Population is linked to a parameter (e.g., mean, standard deviation, cardinality) by the is_described_by property, and the parameter is a sub class of Parameter. Depending on the subclass of Parameter, there is a reverse link back to the Population. parameter links back to the using cardinality_of. parameter links back using the property. parameter links back using the mean_of property.
Population
A prefix is a name that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a decimal multiple or fraction of the unit. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to the unit symbol. For example, an electric current of 0.000 000 001 ampere is written by using the SI-prefix nano as 1 nanoampere or 1 nA.
A quantity is a representation of a quantifiable (standardized) aspect (such as length, mass, and time) of a phenomenon (e.g., a star, food, or a molecule). Quantities are classified according to similarity in (implicit) metrological aspect, e.g. the length of my speedboat and the length of my racing car are classified as length.
quantity
ratio scale
SI prefix
Sum defines the sum over a variable possessed by members of the Population.
Sum of term_1 and term_2 (term_1 + term_2)
unit division
unit exponentiation
unit multiple or submultiple
unit multiplication
A unit of measure is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by law. It is used as a standard for measurement of the same quantity, where any other value of the quantity can be expressed as a simple multiple of the unit of measure. For example, length is a quantity; the metre is a unit of length that represents a definite predetermined length. When we say 10 metre (or 10 m), we actually mean 10 times the definite predetermined length called "metre".
unit
unit of measurement
The property that is being measured in the population. Since Protege is not Full DL, cannot make the property a subclass of Variable, so have to specify it as a string name using has_Name.
Variable
population_cardinality_unit is depicted to be an instance of Cardinality_unit, which is the unit of measure for the cardinality of a set defined by a Population (defined in the next clause), and is associated with the symbol “pc”. For example, 1100pc represents a population cardinality (or size) of 1100. This document takes advantage of prefix notations to scale the numbers by defining units of measures: kilopc, megapc and gigapc, which are multiples of population_cardinality_unit. 1.1 kilopc represents 1100 pc.
population_ratio_unit is defined to be an instance of Unit_division. It has two properties: • whose range is restricted to being a population_cardinality_unit; • whose range is restricted to being a population_cardinality_unit. In other words, a population ratio is the ratio of two population cardinalities (i.e., number of members/elements in each population)